Study tool · Grammar
Japanese conjugation drill
Type polite, negative, past, te-form, and later verb voices for a curated in-repo list. Misses show the rule.
How to use this tool
- Choose word classes you already met in a course. Leave unknown classes unchecked.
- Start with polite, negative, past, and te-form. Add potential, passive, causative, and volitional later.
- Type the form in Japanese. On a miss, read the rule, then continue.
- When a class feels automatic, stop drilling it and put example sentences into your grammar path.
Conjugation drill
Type the form. Misses show the rule and stay in this browser under sj101.conj-weak.
Session summary
A drill does not replace a grammar path. Use the grammar hub to choose an explanation source, then the grammar shortlist if you need a tighter pick. Bunpro is for retrieving the pattern in a sentence, not for learning the class chart.
This page is typed recall over a curated list of common verbs and adjectives. The list lives in this repository. It is not a licensed deck.
Use it after a course has shown the class. A chart is not a substitute for sentences.
After a round
A drill is not a grammar path. Return to the grammar hub for explanations, the grammar shortlist for a tighter pick, and Bunpro if the next job is retrieving the pattern inside a sentence.
Godan chart
Godan verbs change the last う-row kana.
| Form | Pattern | 書く |
|---|---|---|
| Polite | い-row + ます | 書きます |
| Negative | あ-row + ない (う → わ) | 書かない |
| Te-form | く→いて, ぐ→いで, す→して, ぬ/ぶ/む→んで, う/つ/る→って | 書いて |
| Past | Same as te-form, て→た / で→だ | 書いた |
| Potential | え-row + る | 書ける |
| Passive | あ-row + れる | 書かれる |
| Causative | あ-row + せる | 書かせる |
| Volitional | お-row + う | 書こう |
行く is the usual exception: 行って, 行った.
Ichidan chart
Ichidan verbs drop る.
| Form | Pattern | 食べる |
|---|---|---|
| Polite | stem + ます | 食べます |
| Negative | stem + ない | 食べない |
| Past | stem + た | 食べた |
| Te-form | stem + て | 食べて |
| Potential / passive | stem + られる | 食べられる |
| Causative | stem + させる | 食べさせる |
| Volitional | stem + よう | 食べよう |
Irregular verbs
| Lemma | Polite | Te-form | Negative |
|---|---|---|---|
| する | します | して | しない |
| 来る | 来ます | 来て | 来ない |
| 勉強する | 勉強します | 勉強して | 勉強しない |
Adjective chart
| Class | Polite | Negative | Past | Te-form |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| い-adjective | 高いです | 高くない | 高かった | 高くて |
| いい | いいです | よくない | よかった | よくて |
| な-adjective | 静かです | 静かじゃない | 静かだった | 静かで |
The drill also accepts 静かではない for the な-adjective negative.
Frequently asked questions
Is this a complete conjugation course?
No. It is recall practice for forms you already saw. Use a grammar explanation source first, then drill.
Why does 行く become 行って instead of 行いて?
行く is a godan exception. Textbook て-form is 行って, and the past is 行った.
Why does いい become よくない?
いい is the common dictionary form of よい. Negative, past, and te-form use the よ stem.